Three Dimensional Modeling of Intumescent Behavior in Fires.
Three Dimensional Modeling of Intumescent Behavior in
Fires.
(858 K)
Butler, K. M.; Baum, H. R.; Kashiwagi, T.
International Association for Fire Safety Science. Fire
Safety Science. Proceedings. Fifth (5th) International
Symposium. March 3-7, 1997, Melbourne, Australia, Intl.
Assoc. for Fire Safety Science, Boston, MA, Hasemi, Y.,
Editor(s), 523-534 pp, 1997.
Keywords:
fire research; fire safety; fire science; fire behavior;
intumescence; fire retardants; thermoplastics;
mathematical models; numberical analysis; flame
retardants; intumescent coatings; heat transfer;
numerical models
Abstract:
A method of studying the swelling and thermal behavior
of intumescent materials using understanding of the
basic physical and chemical processes is described. The
material is treated as a highly viscous fluid with
properties dependent on temperature. the growth rate,
migration, and thermal effects of a large number of
bubbles are individually calculated using approximate
analytical solutions to mass, momentum, and energy
equations, and the collective behavior is obtained as a
summation of the individual velocity and temperature
fields. The approach and implementation of this model
are described and demonstrted.
Building and Fire Research Laboratory
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Gaithersburg, MD 20899