Study of Two Phase High Liquid Loading Jet Fires. Annual Report. September 1, 1993-August 30, 1994.
Study of Two Phase High Liquid Loading Jet Fires.
Annual Report. September 1, 1993-August 30, 1994.
(1806 K)
Wade, R. A.; Sivathanu, Y. R.; Gore, J. P.
NIST GCR 95-678; NIST SP 995; Volume 2; 50 p. March
2003.
Sponsor:
National Institute of Standards and Technology,
Gaithersburg, MD
Available from:
National Technical Information Service
Keywords:
blowout fires; fire research; fuel sprays; flame length;
flame temperature; heat release rate; methane; oil
spills; radiative heat loss; soot; sprays
Abstract:
High liquid loading spray jet fires occur in accidents
involving fuel pipe leaks, tank ruptures and oil well
blowouts. Laboratory simulations of such fires in the
10-30 kW range has recently become feasible using a
novel effervescent atomizer burner. Measurements of
flame length, radiative heat loss fractions, evaporation
length, path integrated temperatures, and path
integrated and local soot volume fractions in high
liquid loading jet fires using this burner are reported.
The data show that changes in evaporation length do not
affect the flame length for the present operating
conditions. The flame lengths increase with increasing
heat release rate in an overall power law manner.
Although the exit momentum for these flames is high, the
power law behavior results from the effects of changes
in radiative heat loss distribution with increasing
firing rates. Increase in the mass flow rate of the
atomizing methane from 5% to 25% causes a decrease in
the soot volume fractions and an increase in the
temperatures. The decrease in soot volume fraction and
the increase in flame temperature have opposite effects
on the visible flame length and radiative heat loss
fraction.
Building and Fire Research Laboratory
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Gaithersburg, MD 20899