Method of Predicting Smoke Movement in Atria With Application to Smoke Management.
Method of Predicting Smoke Movement in Atria With
Application to Smoke Management.
(3509 K)
Klote, J. H.
NISTIR 5516; 94 p. November 1994.
Available from:
National Technical Information Service
Order number: PB95-154746
Keywords:
smoke movement; atria; building fires; fire models; fire
plumes; fire research; plumes; scale models; smoke
control
Abstract:
In recent years, building with atria has become
commonplace. Other spaces involving enclosed shopping
malls, arcades, sports arenas and airplane hangers also
have large volumes, and the methods of this paper are
also applicable to these spaces. This paper presents
information that can be used for predicting smoke
movement for design of atrium smoke management systems.
The basic approach used in many codes consists of a
collection of algebraic equations for design analysis.
This approach and the physical concepts behind it are
discussed including atrium smoke management system
limitations. For applications for which the basic
approach is inappropriate, computational fluid dynamics
(CFD) and physical modeling can be applied. Research is
needed concerning (1) the depth of smoke layer required
to prevent atrium exhaust from pulling air from the
lower layer and (2) the use of airflow for smoke control
between the atrium and spaces opening onto the atrium.
Building and Fire Research Laboratory
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Gaithersburg, MD 20899