What We Know About Particulates Resulting From Fires.
What We Know About Particulates Resulting From Fires.
(1141 K)
Mulholland, G. W.
NIST SP 1051; NIST Special Publication 1051; December
2007.
Real-Time Particulate Monitoring: Detecting Respiratory
Threats for First Responders. Workshop Proceedings.
Appendix 3: Workshop Presentations. Appendix 3.F. May
3-4, 2007, Gaithersburg, MD, 54-58 pp, 2007.
Keywords:
first responders; respiratory systems; health hazards;
fire fighters; particulates; smoke; aerosols; droplets;
smoldering; smoke yield; particle size; fuels
Abstract:
The smoke aerosol is described in more detail in this
presentation. Particulates may be either solid particles
or liquid droplets.
Flaming results in large agglomerates of primary spheres
that are roughly 30 nm in diameter, and smoldering
results in liquid droplets
about 2 mm in diameter. Information on smoke yield and
particle size from various fuels is presented.
Deposition in the lungs is a
strong function of particle diameter. Non-flaming smoke
scatters more than 90 % oflight. Its composition is
related to the fuel, and
gases may adsorb to its surface. This raises the
question of what materials would be appropriate for a
standard smolder smoke.
