Smoke Emission From Burning Crude Oil.
Smoke Emission From Burning Crude Oil.
(2208 K)
Evans, D. D.; Walton, W. D.; Baum, H. R.; Mulholland, G.
W.; Lawson, J. R.; Koseki, H.; Ghoniem, A.
NIST SP 995; Volume 2; March 2003.
Environment Canada. Arctic and Marine Oilspill Program
Technical Seminar, 14th. June 12-14, 1991, Vancouver,
B.C., Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, 421-449 pp,
1991.
Keywords:
oil spills; crude oil; smoke emissions; burning rate;
smoke yield; fire spread; pool fires; combustion
products
Abstract:
Research has shown that burning can be an effective
means to remove oil from the surface of the water after
a spill. Previous research has focused on laboratory
studies of combustion products from oil pool fires less
than 1 meter in diameter. This paper describes
instrument packages developed to determine the amount of
various combustion products emitted from large (15 m x
15 m) crude oil pool fires. Based on samples drawn
directly from the smoke plume immediately downstream of
the flame, burning a mixture of Arabian light and Murban
crude oils in a 2.7 m x 2.7 m pan produces a smoke yield
of 0.15. Preliminary results from burning Louisiana
crude in a 6 m x 6 m pan indicate a similar 0.14 of the
crude oil is converted to smoke in the combustion
process. The increase in burning rate and smoke
production with increasing fire size is discussed.
Progress is reported on new calculation methods for
smoke dispersion and downwind deposition of particulate.
Results of example calculations are presented.
Building and Fire Research Laboratory
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Gaithersburg, MD 20899