Combustion Research Studies at the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Combustion Research Studies at the National Institute of
Standards and Technology.
(1564 K)
Kashiwagi, T.; Grosshandler, W. L.; Hamins, A.; Pitts,
W. M.; Presser, C.; Tsang, W.
Nensho Kenkyu, No. 119, 49-65, January 2000.
Keywords:
research facilities; combustion; standards; fire
research; technology utilization; fire science; fire
safety; safety engineering; physical properties;
chemical properties; extinguishment; fire detection;
fire suppression
Abstract:
The National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST) is a federal agency within the Technology
Administration of the Department of Commerce. NIST's
primary mission is to develop and apply technology,
measurements, and standards to promote economic growth
by working with U.S. industry. Established in 1901 as
the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), the institute
was renamed in 1988. NIST carries out its mission
through four interwoven programs: (1) the Measurement
and Standards Laboratories, providing vital components
of the nation's technology infrastructure needed by U.S.
industry to continually improve products and services;
(2) the Advanced Technology Program, providing
cost-shared awards to industry for development of
high-risk, enabling technologies with broad economic
potential; (3) a grassroots Manufacturing Extension
Partnership with a nationwide network of local centers
and business assistance to smaller manufacturers: and
(4) a quality outreach program associated with the
Malcom Baldridge National Quality Award that recognizes
business performance excellence and quality achievement
by U.S. manufacturers and service companies. NIST
employs about 3,300 scientists, engineers, technicians,
and support personnel and hosts about 1,250 visiting
researchers each year. Fiscal year 1998 operating
resources from all sources totaled about $790 million.
The Institute maintains research facilities at its
Gaithersburg, MD (234 hectare campus about 30 km
northwest of Washington, DC with about 2,700 employees)
and Boulder, Colorado (84 hectare campus about 42 km
north west of Denver with about 600 employees). There
are seven Measurement and Standards Laboratories. They
are: Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory,
Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory, Chemical Science
and Technology Laboratory, Physics Laboratory, Materials
Science and Engineering Laboratory, Building and Fire
Research Laboratory, Information Technology Laboratory.
These laboratories produce high-quality measurement
tools, data, and services extending from science and
medicine to industry and commerce, and from public
health and the environment to law enforcement and
national defense. More detailed information on the
research activities of these laboratories can be found
at www.nist.gov. Combustion related research is being
conducted in two of the laboratories: the Fire Science
Division and Fire Safety Engineering Division of the
Building and Fire Research Laboratory (BFRL), and the
Process Measurements Division and Physical and Chemical
Properties Division of the Chemical Science and
Technology Laboratory (CSTL).
