BFRL Publications - additives

additives

• Char Enhancing Approaches to Flame Retarding Polymers.
  Chemistry and Technology of Polymer Additives. Chapter 8. 1999, Blackwell Science Inc., Malden, MA, Ak-Malaika, S.; Golovoy, A.; Wilkie, C. A., Editor(s)(s), 135-150 pp, 1999.
  Gilman, J. W.; Kashiwagi, T.; Harris, R. H., Jr.; Lomakin, S. M.; Lichtenhan, J. D.; Bolf, A.; Jones, P.
• Char Enhancing Approaches to Polymer Flammability: The Effect of Radicals on Magic Angle Spinning 13C NMR of Chars.
  NISTIR 5904; October 1996.National Institute of Standards and Technology. Annual Conference on Fire Research: Book of Abstracts. October 28-31, 1996, Gaithersburg, MD, 133-134 pp, 1996.
  Gilman, J. W.; Lomakin, S. M.; Kashiwagi, T.; VanderHart, D. L.; Nagy, V.
• Comparison of R245fa Pool Boiling Measurements to R123, and R245fa/Isopentane on a Passively Enhanced, Horizontal Surface.
  International Journal of Transport Phenomena, Vol. 8, No. 4, 331-344, 2006.
  Kedzierski, M. A.
• Detailed Modeling and Analysis of Aromatic Additive Effects in Ethylene-Air Flames.
  Paper F06;Combustion Institute/Western States. Fifth (5th) Joint Meeting of the U.S. Sections. Meeting Theme: Fundamentals of Combustion, Air Pollution and Global Warming, Alternative Fuels. Hosted by The University of California. March 25-28, 2007, San Diego, CA, 1-9 pp, 2007.
  Stroud, C. B.; Tsang, W.; Manzello, S. L.
• Development of a Continuous Flow Flame Test Extruder for High-Throughput Formulation and Screening of Flame Retardants and More Fire Resistant Materials.
  Fire Safety Developments Emerging Needs, Product Developments, Non-Halogen FR's, Standards and Regulations. Proceedings. Fire Retardant Chemicals Association. March 12-15, 2000, Washington, DC, Fire Retardant Chemicals Assoc., Lancaster, PA, 1-5 pp, 2000.
  Nyden, M. R.; Gilman, J. W.
• Effect of a Boiling Additive on R123 Condensation on a Vertical Integral-Fin Surface.
  NISTIR 6314; 31 p. March 1999.International Journal of Refrigeration, Vol. 23, 101-111, 2000.
  Kedzierski, M. A.
• Effect of a Boiling Additive on R123 Condensation on a Vertical Integral-Fin Surface.
  NISTIR 6314; 31 p. March 1999.International Journal of Refrigeration, Vol. 23, 101-111, 2000.
  Kedzierski, M. A.
• Effect of CuO Nanolubricant on R134a Pool Boiling Heat Transfer With Extensive Measurement and Analysis Details.
  NISTIR 7454; 45 p. September 2007.
  Kedzierski, M. A.; Gong, M.
• Effect of CuO Nanoparticle Concentration on R134a/Lubricant Pool Boiling Heat Transfer With Extensive Analysis.
  NISTIR 7450; 33 p. September 2007.
  Kedzierski, M. A.
• Effect of Refrigerant Oil Additive on R134a and R123 Boiling Heat Transfer Performance and Related Issues for GSA.
  NISTIR 7132; 63 p. June 2004.
  Kedzierski, M. A.
• Effect of Refrigerant Oil Additive on R134a and R123 Boiling Heat Transfer Performance.
  International Journal of Refrigeration, Vol. 30, No. 1, 144-154, January 2007.
  Kedzierski, M. A.
• Effects of Aromatic Species on Soot Particle Size Distribution and Species Concentration in a Well Stirred Reactor/Plug Flow Reactor.
  Paper F09;Combustion Institute/Western States. Fifth (5th) Joint Meeting of the U.S. Sections. Meeting Theme: Fundamentals of Combustion, Air Pollution and Global Warming, Alternative Fuels. Hosted by The University of California. March 25-28, 2007, San Diego, CA, 1-9 pp, 2007.
  Manzello, S. L.; Lenhert, D. B.; Stroud, C. B.; Tsang, W.
• Enhancement of R123 Pool Boiling by the Addition of Hydrocarbons.
  NISTIR 6244; 49 p. October 1998.International Journal of Refrigeration, Vol. 23, 89-100, 2000.
  Kedzierski, M. A.
• Enhancement of R123 Pool Boiling by the Addition of Hydrocarbons.
  NISTIR 6244; 49 p. October 1998.International Journal of Refrigeration, Vol. 23, 89-100, 2000.
  Kedzierski, M. A.
• Enhancement of R123 Pool Boiling by the Addition of N-Hexane.
  NISTIR 5780; March 1996.
  Kedzierski, M. A.
• Enhancement of R123 Pool Boiling by the Addition of N-Hexane.
  Enhanced Heat Transfer, Vol. 6, 343-355, 1999.
  Kedzierski, M. A.
• Environmentally Safe Fire Retardants for Polymeric Materials. Part 1. Silica Gel: Potassium Carbonate Additive.
  Materials and Process Challenges: Aging Systems, Affordability, Alternative Applications. SAMPE Symposium and Exposition, 41st Proceedings. Volume 41. Book 1. Society for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering (SAMPE). March 24-28, 1996, Anaheim, CA, 708-713 pp, 1996.
  Gilman, J. W.; Kashiwagi, T.; Lomakin, S. M.
• Evaporation of a Small Water Droplet Containing an Additive.
  National Heat Transfer Conference. Volume 3. HTD-Vol. 341. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). Proceedings. August 1997, Baltimore, MD, 1-6 pp, 1997.
  King, M. D.; Yang, J. C.; Chien, W. S.; Grosshandler, W. L.
• Experimental and Mechanistic Investigation of Opposed-Flow Propane/Air Flames by Phosphorus-Containing Compounds.
  Halon Options Technical Working Conference. Proceedings. HOTWC 2000. Sponsored by: University of New Mexico, Fire Suppression Systems Assoc., Fire and Safety Group, Great Lakes Chemical Corp., Halon Alternative Research Corp., Hughes Associates, Inc., Kidde Fenwal, Inc., Kidde International, Modular Protection, Inc., Next Generation Fire Suppression Technology Program, Sandia National Laboratories, Summit Environmental Corp., Inc. and 3M Specialty Materials. May 2-4, 2000, Albuquerque, NM, 141-153 pp, 2000.
  Wainner, R. T.; McNesby, K. L.; Daniel, R. G.; Miziolek, A. W.; Babushok, V. I.
• Fire Retardant Additives for Polymeric Materials. Part 1. Char Formation From Silica Gel-Potassium Carbonate.
  NISTIR 6030; June 1997.U.S./Japan Government Cooperative Program on Natural Resources (UJNR). Fire Research and Safety. 13th Joint Panel Meeting. Volume 2. March 13-20, 1996, Gaithersburg, MD, Beall, K. A., Editor(s), 261-270 pp, 1997.Fire and Materials, Vol. 21, No. 1, 23-32, 1997.
  Gilman, J. W.; Ritchie, S. J.; Kashiwagi, T.; Lomakin, S. M.
• Fire Safe Materials Project at NIST.
  NISTIR 6588; November 2000.U.S./Japan Government Cooperative Program on Natural Resources (UJNR). Fire Research and Safety. 15th Joint Panel Meeting. Volume 1. Proceedings. March 1-7, 2000, San Antonio, TX, Bryner, S. L., Editor(s), 71-79 pp, 2000.
  Kashiwagi, T.; Butler, K. M.; Gilman, J. W.
• Flammability Properties of Phosphine Oxide Copolymers and of Commodity Polymers With New Flame Retardant Additives.
  Tomorrow's Trends in Fire Retardant Regulations, Testing, Applications and Current Technologies. Fall Conference. Proceedings. October 13-16, 1996, Naples, FL, 1-23 pp, 1996.
  Kashiwagi, T.; Gilman, J. W.; McGrath, J. E.; Wan, I. Y.
• Hand Held Fire Extinguisher (HHFE) Halon Replacement Program for Army Ground Vehicles, Status and Successes.
  HOTWC 2006;Halon Options Technical Working Conference, 16th Proceedings. HOTWC 2006. May 16-18, 2006, Albuquerque, NM, 1-5 pp, 2006.
  McCormick, S.; Clauson, M.
• Impact of Fire Fighting Agents on Drop Size.
  Fire Research and Engineering, Second (2nd) International Conference. (ICFRE2). Proceedings. ABSTRACTS ONLY. National Institute of Standards and Technology and Society of Fire Protection Engineers. August 10-15, 1997, Gaithersburg, MD, Slaughter, K. C., Editor(s), 63-63 pp, 1997.
  Bishop, M. J.; Stroup, D. W.
• Improved Thermal Stability of Organically Modified Layered Silicates.
  Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol. 52, No. 2, 171-179, 2004.
  Davis, R. D.; Gilman, J. W.; Sutto, T. E.; Callahan, J. H.; Trulove, P. C.; DeLong, H. C.
• Influence of CF3I, CF3Br, and CF3H on the High-Temperature Combustion of Methane.
  Combustion and Flame, Vol. 107, No. 4, 351-367, December 1996.
  Babushok, V. I.; Noto, T.; Burgess, D. R. F., Jr.; Hamins, A.; Tsang, W.
• Influence of Concentration and Additives on R123/Paraffinic Material Oil Boiling Heat Transfer Performance.
  NISTIR 7336; 46 p. September 2006.
  Kedzierski, M. A.; Han, D. H.
• Influence of Concentration and Additives on R123/Paraffinic Material Oil Boiling Heat Transfer Performance.
  NISTIR 7336; 46 p. September 2006.
  Kedzierski, M. A.; Han, D. H.
• Inhibition Effectiveness of Halogenated Compounds.
  Combustion and Flame, Vol. 112, No. 1/2, 147-160, January 1998.
  Noto, T.; Babushok, V. I.; Hamins, A.; Tsang, W.
• Inhibition of Silane Ignition by Iodine Containing Additives.
  NISTIR 6242; October 1998.National Institute of Standards and Technology. Annual Conference on Fire Research: Book of Abstracts. November 2-5, 1998, Gaithersburg, MD, Beall, K. A., Editor(s), 125-126 pp, 1998.
  Babushok, V. I.; Tsang, W.
• Limits to the Effectiveness of Metal-Containing Fire Suppressants. Final Technical Report.
  NISTIR 7177; Final Technical Report, March 1, 2004-July 31, 2004; 64 p. October 2004.
  Linteris, G. T.
• Lithium, Potassium and Sodium Additions to Cement Pastes.
  Adances in Cement Research, Vol. 18, No. 2, 65-70, 2006.
  Bentz, D. P.
• New Flame Retardant Additives.
  Fire Retardanty of Polymeric Materials, 6th European Meeting. F.R.P.M. '97. Proceedings. Invited Lectures. LCAPS, Ecole Nationale Superieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL) and Centre de Recherche et d'Etude sur les Procedes d'Ignifugation des Materlaux (CREPIM). September 24-26, 1997, Lille, France, Bourbigot, S.; LeBras, M.; Delobel, R., Editor(s)(s), 4-8 pp, 1997.
  Kashiwagi, T.; Gilman, J. W.; Nyden, M. R.
• On the Collision Dynamics of a Water Droplet Containing an Additive on a Heated Solid Surface.
  Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Royal Society of London, Series A. Vol. 458, No. 2021. Proceedings. 2002, London, England, 2417-2444 pp, 2002.
  Manzello, S. L.; Yang, J. C.
• Preceramic Additives as Fire Retardants for Plastics.
  U.S. Patent Application; 13 p. May 28, 1997.
  Lichtenhan, J. D.; Gilman, J. W.
• Preceramic Polymer Blends as Novel Environmentally Safe Fire Retardants.
  U.S. Provisional Patent Application; 8 p. November 1996.
  Lichtenhan, J. D.; Gilman, J. W.
• Review of Water Mist Fire Suppression Systems: Fundamental Studies.
  Journal of Fire Protection Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 3, 32-50, 2000.
  Liu, Z.; Kim, A. K.
• Thermal Decomposition Chemistry of Poly(vinyl alcohol).
  Chapter 11; ACS Symposium Series 599;American Chemical Society. Fire and Polymers II: Materials and Tests for Hazard Prevention. National Meeting, 208th. ACS Symposium Series 599. August 21-26, 1994, Washington, DC, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, Nelson, G. L., Editor(s), 161-185 pp, 1995.
  Gilman, J. W.; VanderHart, D. L.; Kashiwagi, T.
• Water Additives for Increased Efficiency of Fire Protection and Suppression.
  U.S./Japan Government Cooperative Program on Natural Resources (UJNR). Fire Research and Safety. 14th Joint panel Meeting. May 28-June 3, 1998, Tsukuba, Japan, 166-171 pp, 1998 AND Fire Detection, Fire Extinguishment and Fire Safety Engineering. NRIFD 50th Anniversary Symposium. Proceedings. Fire Fighting Future 50th Session (FFF50th). Organized by National Research Institute of Fire and Disaster (NRIFD) and Fire and Disaster Management Agency (FDMA) and Sponsored by Fire Protection Equipment and Safety Center. June 1, 1998, Tokyo, Japan, 1-6 pp, 1998, Tokyo, Japan, 1998.
  Madrzykowski, D.